Introduction
Throughout the Synodal Process, there has been a growing awareness of the interdependency between synodality and Christian unity. As stated in Instrumentum Laboris 2, «synodality is the condition for continuing the ecumenical journey towards the visible unity of all Christians» (no. 9). The Final Document states: «One of the most significant fruits of the Synod 2021-2024 has been the intensity of ecumenical zeal» (no. 137). Inaugurating his ministry, Pope Leo XIV has underlined the importance of this double commitment to ecumenism and synodality: «Aware, moreover, that synodality and ecumenism are closely linked, I would like to assure you of my intention to continue Pope Francis’ commitment to promoting the synodal nature of the Catholic Church and developing new and concrete forms for an ever stronger synodality in ecumenical relations»[1].
Study Group 10 has been entrusted to explore the reception of the fruits of the ecumenical journey in ecclesial practices regarding three specific questions.
Following the encouragement of Pope Leo XIV to continue the work of the Study Groups with renewed enthusiasm, we welcome the new December 2025 deadline as an opportunity to deepen our reflection at the beginning of this new Pontificate.
Our methodology prioritizes synodal listening, attention to sensus fidei, and focus on pastoral implementation faithful to Catholic tradition.
1. Study Group Mandate and Questions
- Question 1: The Interdependence and Practice of Synodality and Primacy. Exploring the link between synodality and primacy at different levels (local, regional, universal) in their mutual interdependence, with particular reference to «the way of understanding the Petrine ministry at the service of unity» (Synthesis Report, no. 7h).
- Question 2: The Issue of Eucharistic Hospitality (Communicatio in sacris). Deepening the question of Eucharistic hospitality from theological, canonical and pastoral perspectives, particularly regarding interconfessional couples and families (cf. ibid., no. 7i).
- Question 3: The Phenomenon of "Non-denominational" Communities and Revival Movements. Reflecting on "non-denominational" Communities and "revival" Movements of Christian inspiration to which originally Catholic faithful also adhere (cf. ibid., no 7j).
2. Current Status and Next Steps
Completed Phase
- Comprehensive consultation and overview of key principles
- Establishment of working methodologies
- Initial theological and pastoral framework development
- Organization in 3 sub-groups for Question 1, Question 2 and Question 3
Consultations work in progress
- Dicastery for Promoting Christian Unity consultation among 40 members/consultors worldwide
- Analysis of synodal synthesis reports regarding ecumenism
- Analysis of responses to "The Bishop of Rome" document from various Christian communions
- Zoom meeting with Study Group 1
- Consultation with ecumenical communities (St-André, Taizé, Chemin Neuf, Focolare etc.)
- Expert consultations with theologians from different continents
- Continental conference meetings via zoom
Commission in-person meetings
- October 2024 during the Synod Assembly
- January 2025 during the Week of Prayer for Unity
- May 2025 after the election of Pope Leo XIV
Final Phase (September-October 2025)
- Integration of the results from all consultations and research
- Finalization of concrete proposals
- Preparation of comprehensive report with practical guidelines
3. Thematic Working Subgroups
Sub-group 1: Synodality and Primacy
(H. Exc. Msgr. Paul ROUHANA O.L.M.; Prof. Astrid KAPTIJN; P. Hacynthe DESTIVELLE, O.P.)
Key areas of exploration:
- Ecumenical perspective on primacy and hermeneutical approach to Vatican I
- Differentiated exercise of primacy in contemporary contexts
- Perspectives for ecumenical synodal practices
- Integration of Eastern Catholic perspectives
Sub-group 2: Eucharistic Hospitality
(Fr. Anthony T. CURRER; Prof. Astrid KAPTIJN; Rev.da Sr. Nathalie BECQUART, Xavière)
Focus on theological, canonical, and pastoral dimensions:
- Criteria for discernment in specific contexts
- Local pastoral approaches
- Existing bilateral agreements and best practices
Sub-group 3: Non-denominational and Revival Movements
(Msgr. Juan USMA GÓMEZ; Prof. Teresa Francesca ROSSI; Fr. Lawrence IWUAMADI; Fr. Jorge Alejandro SCAMPINI, O.P.)
Exploring positive learning opportunities:
- Developing discernment criteria for authentic spiritual movements
- Identify attraction factors for Catholics
- Exchange of gifts within the broader Christian family
- Pastoral guidelines for local Churches
Conclusion
Study Group 10's work demonstrates how synodality fosters ecumenism and ecumenism calls for deepening synodality. The new pontificate will certainly provide additional insights into the contemporary understanding of primacy and its ecumenical significance. The Study Group is committed to offer practical orientations for local Churches, contributing to both the synodal shaping of the Catholic Church and the advancement of the ecumenical journey towards full visible unity.
Coordinator: H. Exc. Msgr. Paul Rouhana, O.L.M.
[1] Pope Leo XIV, Audience with Representatives of other Churches and Ecclesial Communities and other Religions, 19 May 2025.